In the UK

Should You Rent or Buy?

Buying a home in the UK comes with substantial upfront costs and ongoing fees, but it also builds property equity over time. Renting avoids those initial charges and offers flexibility. In this calculator, we assume the renter invests the money saved from not buying.*

At the end of the period you chose, we compare total wealth: home equity after transaction costs vs. investment portfolio value.

This tool focuses on financial outcomes. It does not capture non-financial considerations such as stability, lifestyle preferences, or the value of being able to move easily.

The colour gradients show sensitivity: if a section displays many shades, it means that variable strongly influences the result. Full methodology is explained below.

* If the buyer also invests any remaining cash, you can model that too—but most scenarios are driven by the renter's savings.

Buying saves £55,559

over 10 years

The Basics

These are the most important factors. Adjust them to match your situation.

Property Purchase Price
£50K£125K£315K£790K£2.0M£5.0M£300K
Monthly Rent
£400£950£2K£5K£13K£30K£1K
How Long Do You Plan to Stay?
191724324010

Mortgage Details

We model a constant interest rate for simplicity. Most UK mortgages fix for 2–5 years and are remortgaged or move to variable rates.

Deposit
5%24%43%62%81%100%10%

£30,000 based on property price. Higher deposits typically qualify for lower mortgage rates—consider adjusting the rate below for more realistic results.

Mortgage Interest Rate
0%2.0%4.0%6%8.0%10%4.50%

See current rates for your scenario on MoneySavingExpert

Mortgage Term
5121926334025
Mortgage Arrangement Fee
Monthly Payment£1,501/month

Growth & Returns

Future growth rates significantly impact the outcome. These are hard to predict and vary by location.

Annual House Price Growth
-2%0.4%2.8%5.2%7.6%10%3%

Long-term average 3–4%. London historically higher but variable.

Investment Return
0%2.4%4.8%7.2%9.6%12%6%

For equities, historical global markets have returned about 6–7% annually over long periods. For cash savings accounts, current UK rates are around 4–5%. Tax treatment configured in Investment Assumptions.

Annual Rent Increase
0%2.0%4.0%6%8.0%10%3%

Rent increases tend to follow local supply/demand.

Inflation Rate
0%2.0%4.0%6%8.0%10%2%

2% is Bank of England target. Used to show all values in today's money.

Buying Upfront Costs

One-time fees when purchasing a property. First-time buyers get stamp duty relief.

First-Time Buyer

Eligible for stamp duty relief. In England, first-time buyers pay no stamp duty up to £300,000, with reduced rates up to £500,000. No relief above £500,000.

England
Region
Stamp Duty£0
Legal/Conveyancing Fees

Solicitor fees including searches, Land Registry

Survey Cost

Buyer Ongoing Costs

Recurring costs of property ownership. These costs continue throughout your ownership period.

Annual Maintenance Rate
0.5%1%1.5%2.0%2.5%3%1%

£3,000/year. 1% is conservative; older properties may need 2%+

Buildings Insurance

Set to £0 if included in service charge. Increases with inflation over time.

Service Charge
£0£2K£3K£5K£6K£8K£0

For leasehold properties. Typically covers building insurance, common area maintenance. Set to £0 for freehold properties. If unsure, £1,500 is a reasonable default for leasehold. Increases with inflation over time.

Ground Rent

For leasehold properties. New leases since June 2022 have peppercorn (£0) ground rent. Increases with inflation over time.

Selling Costs

Fees incurred when selling at the end of your time horizon.

Estate Agent Fee
0%1.0%2.0%3%4.0%5%1.20%

Estate agent fee + 20% VAT are applied to sale price.

Legal Fees on Sale

Renting Costs

The deposit is refundable but has an opportunity cost while held.

Tenancy Deposit
0124565

£1,385. Refundable but has opportunity cost

Investment Assumptions

The renter invests money saved vs buying. ISA contributions are tax-free; overflow goes to a taxable account.

Annual ISA Allowance
£0£4K£8K£12K£16K£20K£20K

Tax-free investment allowance. Current UK limit is £20,000.

Annual CGT Exemption
£0£600£1K£2K£2K£3K£3K

Tax-free capital gains allowance. Current UK limit is £3,000.

10% (basic rate)
Capital Gains Tax Rate

Sale gains above the annual exemption are taxed at 10% for basic-rate taxpayers or 20% for higher/additional-rate taxpayers.

Full Results

Buying saves you £55,559 over 10 years (in today's terms)

Renting makes sense if its benefits are worth more than £463/month to you.

CategoryBuyRent
Initial costs£33,000£1,385
Recurring costs£198,387£149,039
Property equity£164,432
Investment proceeds£107,737
Final wealth£164,432£108,873

Buying

Initial Costs

Deposit£30,000
Stamp Duty£0
Legal Fees£1,500
Survey£500
Mortgage Fees£1,000

Recurring Costs

Mortgage Payments£163,377
Maintenance£31,050
Insurance£3,961

Sale Proceeds

Sale Price-£330,744
Agent Fees£4,763
Legal Fees£615
Remaining Mortgage£160,934
Final Wealth£164,432

Renting

Initial Costs

Tenancy Deposit£1,385

Recurring Costs

Total Rent£149,039

At End of Period

Deposit Returned-£1,136
Investment Proceeds-£107,737
Final Wealth£108,873